Labels

Every link between a reuse word and a source word carries one label. Words without a link are insertions, deletions, or part of a citing formula.

Label	Meaning	Example (source / reuse)
COPY	the same form, with spelling variants folded	frigidus / frigidus
INFLECT	the same lemma in another form	regem / reges
SUBST	another lemma in the same slot	pugnam / calamitatem
SPLIT	two reuse words for one source word, usually an enclitic
MERGE	one reuse word for two source words
INS	a reuse word without a source
FRAME	a word of a citing formula such as ut ait Maro
DEL	a source word that no link claims

INS and DEL follow from the links and are not stored; in the released records they are the insertions and deletions lists.

Substitution relations

A SUBST link can name the relation between the two words: SYN (same sense, other lemma), POS (a derivational relative), FUNC (a function-word swap), META (a figurative or metonymic replacement), NE-SUB (another proper name), and others. Where no relation can be named, relation is null, which is true of a third of the substitutions in the annotation.

Levels

The paper scores at a coarser level, L3, which folds SPLIT and MERGE into SUBST and FRAME into INS, because those three are rare and a macro average weights a rare label as much as a frequent one. The released records use the fine level, L4.

Conventions

• Spelling is folded before forms are compared (case, u/v, i/j, ae/e, an attached -que), so a word that differs only there is a COPY.
• The lemma decides between inflection and substitution, so a derivational relative counts as a substitution.
• A source word is linked twice only in a split, and that is almost always an enclitic split off its word.